Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2011-03-24 Origin: Site
Generator setThe fuel injection pump is the main component of the fuel supply system, and its working condition will directly affect the power, economy and reliability of the diesel engine.HaixingGenerator setWith the help of existing information and practical experience, the following 'Ten Points' for correct maintenance of the fuel injection pump have been summarized for your reference.Proper maintenance is an important prerequisite to ensure the normal operation of the fuel injection pump and extend its service life.
1. It is necessary to properly use and filter diesel fuel to ensure that the diesel fuel entering the fuel injection pump is highly clean.
Generally speaking, diesel engines have much higher filtration requirements for diesel than gasoline engines for gasoline. When using, diesel of a grade that meets the requirements must be selected and must undergo at least 48 hours of sedimentation.Strengthen the cleaning and maintenance of the diesel filter, clean or replace the filter element in time; clean the diesel tank in time according to the operating environment conditions, and remove the sludge and moisture at the bottom of the tank. Any impurities in the diesel will damage the fuel injection pump plunger and oil delivery valve. Serious corrosion or wear of couplings and transmission components.
2. Always check whether the oil quantity and quality in the fuel injection pump oil pool meet the requirements.
Every time before starting the diesel engine, the quantity and quality of the oil in the fuel injection pump should be checked (except for the fuel injection pump that relies on forced lubrication by the engine) to ensure that the quantity of oil is sufficient and the quality is good. If the oil deteriorates due to mixing with water or diesel, the worst case may be caused Early wear of the plunger and oil delivery valve components will lead to insufficient power of the diesel engine and difficulty in starting. In severe cases, it will cause corrosion and corrosion of the plunger and oil delivery valve components.Due to internal leakage of the oil pump, poor operation of the oil delivery valve, wear of the pump tappet and casing, and damage to the sealing ring, diesel will leak into the oil pool and dilute the engine oil. Therefore, the engine oil should be replaced in time according to the quality of the engine oil, and the oil should be inspected when replacing it. Clean the oil pool and remove the sludge and other impurities at the bottom of the oil pool. Otherwise, the engine oil will deteriorate after a short period of use.The amount of engine oil should not be too much or too little. Too much oil in the governor can easily cause the diesel engine to 'run away'. Too little oil will cause poor lubrication. The oil dipstick or oil level screw should be used as the standard.In addition, when the diesel engine is not used for a long time, check whether there are water, diesel and other impurities in the oil in the oil pump oil pool. If so, replace it immediately. Otherwise, due to long-term storage, moisture can easily damage the plunger and oil delivery valve parts. Scrapped due to corrosion and stuck
3. Regularly check and adjust the fuel supply advance angle of the fuel injection pump and the fuel supply interval angle of each cylinder.
During use, due to the looseness of the coupling bolts and the wear of the camshaft and roller body parts, the oil supply advance angle and the oil supply interval angle of each cylinder often change, which worsens the diesel combustion and affects the power and economy of the diesel engine. Deterioration of performance, difficulty in starting, unstable operation, abnormal noise and overheating, etc.In actual use, most drivers pay attention to the inspection and adjustment of the overall fuel supply advance angle, but ignore the inspection and adjustment of the oil supply interval angle (involving the adjustment of the single pump oil supply advance angle). As a result, although the first cylinder oil supply is correct after the overall adjustment, However, due to the wear and tear of the camshaft and roller transmission parts of the other cylinders, the oil supply timing will also cause difficulty in starting the diesel engine, insufficient power, and unstable operation, especially for the fuel injection pump that has been used for a long time. Pay attention to the inspection and adjustment of the oil supply interval angle.
4. Regularly check and adjust the fuel supply volume of each cylinder of the fuel injection pump.
Due to the wear of the plunger coupling and the oil delivery valve coupling, internal leakage of diesel will occur, which will reduce or uneven the fuel supply to each cylinder, resulting in difficulty in starting the diesel engine, insufficient power, increased fuel consumption, and unstable operation.Therefore, it is necessary to regularly check and adjust the fuel supply volume of each cylinder of the fuel injection pump to ensure the power of the diesel engine.In actual use, the fuel supply amount of each cylinder can be determined by observing the exhaust smoke of the diesel engine, listening to the engine sound, and feeling the temperature of the exhaust manifold.
5. Check the camshaft clearance regularly.
The requirements for the axial clearance of the camshaft of the fuel injection pump are very strict, generally between 0.03 and 0.15mm. If the clearance is too large, it will intensify the impact of the roller transmission components on the cam working surface, thereby increasing the early wear of the cam surface and changing the supply voltage. Oil advance angle; excessive clearance between the camshaft bearing shaft and diameter can easily cause the camshaft to run unstable, the oil volume adjustment lever to shake, and the oil supply volume to change periodically, making the diesel engine run unstable, so regular inspections and adjustments are required.When the axial clearance of the camshaft is too large, spacers can be added on both sides to adjust it. If the radial clearance is too large, it usually needs to be replaced with a new one.
6. Regularly check the sealing condition of the valve parts.
After the fuel injection pump has been working for a period of time, by checking the sealing condition of the oil outlet valve, you can make a rough judgment on the wear of the plunger and the working condition of the oil pump, which is helpful to determine repair and maintenance methods.During the inspection, unscrew the high-pressure oil pipe joints of each cylinder and use the oil pump hand to pump oil. If you find oil flowing out of the oil pipe joint at the top of the fuel injection pump, it means that the oil outlet valve is poorly sealed (of course, if the oil outlet valve spring is broken, it will also If this happens), if multiple cylinders have poor sealing, the fuel injection pump should be thoroughly debugged and maintained, and spare parts should be replaced.
7. Use standard high-pressure oil pipes.
During the fuel supply process of the fuel injection pump, due to the compressibility of diesel and the elasticity of the high-pressure oil pipe, high-pressure diesel will form pressure fluctuations in the pipe. It takes a certain time for the pressure wave to propagate in the pipe. In order to ensure that the oil supply interval angle of each cylinder is consistent and the oil supply The quantity is uniform and the diesel engine operates smoothly. The length and diameter of the high-pressure oil pipe are selected after calculation.Therefore, when a cylinder's high-pressure oil pipe is damaged, it should be replaced with a standard length and diameter oil pipe.In actual use, due to the lack of standard oil pipes, other oil pipes are used instead, regardless of whether the length and diameter of the oil pipes are the same, resulting in large differences in the length and diameter of the oil pipes. Although it can be used in emergency situations, it will cause the oil supply of the cylinder to fail. Changes in advance angle and oil supply will cause the whole machine to work unstable, so standard high-pressure oil pipes must be used during use.
8. Regularly check the wear of relevant key grooves and fixing bolts.
Relevant keyways and bolts mainly refer to camshaft keyways, coupling flange keyways (oil pumps that use couplings to transmit power), semicircular keys, and coupling fixing bolts.Due to long-term use, the fuel injection pump camshaft keyway, flange keyway, and semi-circular key may wear out, causing the keyway to become wider, the semi-circular key is not firmly installed, and the oil supply advance angle changes; in severe cases, the key may roll off, causing power transmission failure. , so check it regularly and repair or replace worn parts in time.
9. Replace the worn plunger and oil delivery valve parts in time.
When it is found that the diesel engine is difficult to start, the power is reduced, and the fuel consumption is increased, and there is still no improvement after adjusting the fuel injection pump and fuel injector, the fuel injection pump plunger and oil delivery valve parts should be disassembled and inspected. If the plunger and oil delivery valve are worn to a certain extent, level, it should be replaced in time and do not insist on using it again.Losses such as difficulty in starting the diesel engine, increased fuel consumption, and insufficient power caused by worn parts far exceed the cost of replacing the parts. After replacement, the power and economy of the diesel engine will be significantly improved, so the worn parts must be inspected in time. Replace even parts.
10. Correctly maintain the accessories of the fuel injection pump.
The side cover of the pump body, oil dipstick, filler plug (breather), oil overflow valve, oil sump plug, oil level screws, oil pump fixing bolts, etc. must be kept intact. These accessories play a vital role in the operation of the fuel injection pump. important role.For example, the side cover can prevent the intrusion of dust, water and other impurities, the respirator (with filter) can prevent the engine oil from deteriorating, and the oil overflow valve ensures that the fuel system has a certain pressure without air entering, etc.Therefore, strengthen the maintenance of these accessories, and repair or replace them in time if they are damaged or lost.
Related Reading:How should the fuel injection advance angle of the generator set's fuel supply system be adjusted?